Issue 11, 2022

From saliva to SNP: non-invasive, point-of-care genotyping for precision medicine applications using recombinase polymerase amplification and giant magnetoresistive nanosensors

Abstract

Genetic testing is considered a cornerstone of the precision medicine paradigm. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been shown to provide insights into several important issues, including therapy selection and drug responsiveness. However, a scarcity of widely deployable and cost-effective genotyping tools has limited the integration of precision medicine into routine clinical practice. The objective of our work was to develop a portable, cost-effective, and automated platform that performs SNP genotyping at the point-of-care (POC). Using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and giant magnetoresistive (GMR) nanosensors, we present a highly automated and multiplexed point-of-care platform that utilizes direct saliva for the qualitative genotyping of four SNPs (rs4633, rs4680, rs4818, rs6269) along the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT), which is associated with the modulation of pain sensitivity and perioperative opioid use. Using this approach, we successfully amplify, detect, and genotype all four of the SNPs, demonstrating 100% accordance between the experimental results obtained using the automated RPA and GMR genotyping assay and the results obtained using a COMT PCR genotyping assay that was formerly validated using pyrosequencing. This automated, portable, and multiplexed RPA and GMR assay shows great promise as a solution for SNP genotyping at the POC and reinforces the broad applications of magnetic nanotechnology in biomedicine.

Graphical abstract: From saliva to SNP: non-invasive, point-of-care genotyping for precision medicine applications using recombinase polymerase amplification and giant magnetoresistive nanosensors

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
12 mar 2022
Accepted
02 may 2022
First published
07 may 2022

Lab Chip, 2022,22, 2131-2144

From saliva to SNP: non-invasive, point-of-care genotyping for precision medicine applications using recombinase polymerase amplification and giant magnetoresistive nanosensors

A. S. de Olazarra, D. L. Cortade and S. X. Wang, Lab Chip, 2022, 22, 2131 DOI: 10.1039/D2LC00233G

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