Precision-engineered supramolecular assembly of bio-MOFs to combat antimicrobial resistance

Abstract

The escalating global threat of antimicrobial resistance necessitates the exploration of innovative therapeutic paradigms, wherein bio-metal–organic frameworks (bio-MOFs) have emerged as a promising avenue. The supramolecular assembly of metallic nodes and biological ligands under careful consideration generates precision engineered bio-MOFs with enhanced antimicrobial efficacy and inherent biocompatibility. This perspective reports the implementation of sustainable, scalable and green synthetic methodologies for bio-MOF fabrication, with improved structural integrity of the synthesized materials. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the structure–activity relationships in existing bio-MOFs governing their antimicrobial (antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal) performance. Herein, the current challenges have been addressed emphasizing the importance of cognitive design in their development, therefore, we propose nascent strategies for the synthesis of bio-MOFs that can behave as potent antimicrobial agents. Such multidisciplinary approach integrating synthetic chemistry, materials science, and structural biology is crucial for the rational design and preclinical validation of novel bio-MOFs in advancing biomedical and environmental applications for improved global health.