Issue 33, 2023

Pd nanocatalysts adsorbed onto silica nanoparticle coated indium tin oxide: a reusable nanozyme for glucose detection

Abstract

Nanozymes are nanomaterials that exhibit enzyme-like activity upon exposure to a substrate solution. The use of noble and platinum group metals enhances enzyme-like catalytic activity. However, noble metals are obtained at a high cost; therefore, their recovery after use is of high importance. Herein, we report the fabrication of indium tin oxide–silica nanoparticles decorated with palladium nanoparticles (ITO-SiO2-prS-PdNPs). The ITO-SiO2-prS-PdNPs were evaluated for peroxidase-like activity toward the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2. A colour change from clear or colourless TMB to blue colour (oxidized TMB products) was observed confirming the peroxidase-like activity. A typical Michaelis–Menten enzyme-like behaviour is observed with Km values of 0.68 mM for H2O2 and 0.47 mM for TMB, which are better than the reported values for horse-radish peroxidase (HRP) for the same substrate. The peroxidase-like activity of ITO-SiO2-prS-PdNPs was found to proceed via the electron-transfer mechanism. The ITO-SiO2-prS-PdNPs were cleaned successfully after each use by rinsing with water and ethanol solution thus making the surface simple and easy to recover and reuse. A reusable and highly selective colorimetric assay for glucose detection based on the peroxidase-like activity of ITO-SiO2-prS-PdNPs gave excellent results. ITO-SiO2-prS-PdNPs exhibited a good linear range of 5.0–30 μM, a low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.84 μM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 6.14 μM. Finally, the nanozyme (ITO-SiO2-prS-PdNPs) was successfully used to detect glucose in a complex newborn calf serum (NCS), representing a real sample.

Graphical abstract: Pd nanocatalysts adsorbed onto silica nanoparticle coated indium tin oxide: a reusable nanozyme for glucose detection

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
13 mar 2023
Accepted
13 iyl 2023
First published
13 iyl 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023,11, 7961-7971

Pd nanocatalysts adsorbed onto silica nanoparticle coated indium tin oxide: a reusable nanozyme for glucose detection

R. Chavalala and P. Mashazi, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2023, 11, 7961 DOI: 10.1039/D3TB00530E

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