Electrocatalytic nitrogen cycle: mechanism, materials, and momentum

Laiquan Li, Linyuan Xu, Hanyun Wang, Haohong Wei, Cheng Tang, Guisheng Li, Yuhai Dou, Hua Kun Liu and Shi Xue Dou

Energy Environ. Sci., 2024, 17, 9027
DOI: 10.1039/D4EE03156C

Electrodeposited copper–nickel nanoparticles as highly efficient electrocatalysts for nitrate reduction to ammonia

Ruizhi Li, Donglin Zhao, Longcheng Zhang, Kai Dong, Quan Li and Guangyin Fan

Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2023, 7, 4417
DOI: 10.1039/D3SE00901G

Efficient green synthesis of ammonia: from mechanistic understanding to reactor design for potential production

Zhenhui Kou, Dong Shi, Bin Yang, Zhongjian Li, Qinghua Zhang, Jianguo Lu, Tao Zhang, Lecheng Lei, Yuanyuan Li, Liming Dai and Yang Hou

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2025, 54, 10796
DOI: 10.1039/D5CS00969C

Emerging two-dimensional materials for the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction to yield ammonia

Yukun Ruan, Zhen-Hong He, Zhao-Tie Liu, Weitao Wang, Leiduan Hao, Liang Xu, Alex W. Robertson and Zhenyu Sun

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023, 11, 22590
DOI: 10.1039/D3TA04848A

Recent advances in electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia: current challenges, resolving strategies, and future perspectives

Yu Pan, Hui-Min Xu, Hong-Rui Zhu, Chen-Jin Huang, Zhi-Jie Zhang and Gao-Ren Li

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2025, 13, 21181
DOI: 10.1039/D5TA02848E

A guideline to optimizing the performance of V2O5–MoO3/TiO2 catalysts for low-temperature SCR denitrification in industrial application

Yanchao Qu, Guangyue Xu, Chen Chen, Jianhua Guo, Dingjia Liu, Haiwei Jia, Haonan Guo, Shuya Jia, Jiazhen Jia, Ying Zhang and Lifeng Yan

Ind. Chem. Mater., 2026, 4, 200
DOI: 10.1039/D5IM00055F

Weakened ionization electrolyte with n-hexane additive enabling high activity of lithium-mediated nitrogen fixation

Yunfei Huan, Yanzheng He, Zhenkang Wang, Haoqing Ji, Sisi Liu, Lifang Zhang, Xiaowei Shen, Jie Liu, Mengfan Wang, Tao Qian and Chenglin Yan

Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2026, 112, 39
DOI: 10.1016/j.jechem.2025.08.037

Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkyl and Aryl Thiols on Copper for the Selective Electrochemical Reduction of Nitrogen to Ammonia

David K. Stem, Nikhil C. Bhoumik, Matthew R. Shaver, Profulla Mondol, Tania Akter and Christopher J. Barile

J. Phys. Chem. C, 2026, 130, 3795
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5c08454

Accelerating lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction through an integrated palladium membrane hydrogenation reactor

Hossein Bemana, Hendrik Schumann, Morgan McKee, Senada Nozinovic, Jörg Daniels, Ralf Weisbarth and Nikolay Kornienko

Nat Commun, 2025, 16
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62088-z

Towards green chemistry from transformation of carbon dioxide and dinitrogen to value-added chemicals and fuels

Shunhan Jia, Kang Zhao, Lijun Han, Xifei Ma, Suokun Shang, Hongyan Ni, Limin Wu, Xinning Song, Xiaofu Sun, Yanrong Liu, Xinjiang Cui and Buxing Han

Science Bulletin, 2025, 70, 3420
DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2025.09.003

Li‐Mediated Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation: Key Advances and Future Perspectives

Muhammad Ibrar Ahmed, Aya Assafiri, David Brynn Hibbert and Chuan Zhao

Small, 2023, 19
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305616

Effect of the solid electrolyte interphase on lithium-mediated ammonia synthesis by Cryo-electron microscopy

Zhaojun Meng, Ke Wang, Haotian Bai, Lijun Han, Zhiwen Yang and Yanrong Liu

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 512, 162781
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.162781

The application of ionic liquids in the electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia

Xi Cheng, Lijun Han, Cong Zhang, Ke Wang, Miao Qi and Yanrong Liu

Chin. Sci. Bull., 2025, 70, 4501
DOI: 10.1360/TB-2024-0858

Recent Advances in Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis: Integrating Electrolyte Effects, Structural Engineering, and Single-Atom Platforms

HyungKuk Ju, Hyuck Jin Lee and Sungyool Bong

Catalysts, 2026, 16, 149
DOI: 10.3390/catal16020149

Recent advances and challenges of nitrogen/nitrate electro catalytic reduction to ammonia synthesis

Junwen Cao, Yikun Hu, Yun Zheng, Wenqiang Zhang and Bo Yu

Front. Energy, 2024, 18, 128
DOI: 10.1007/s11708-023-0908-2

Bimetallic synergistic catalysts based on two-dimensional carbon-rich conjugated frameworks for nitrate electrocatalytic reduction to ammonia: catalyst screening and mechanism insights

FengLing Luo and Ling Guo

Nanotechnology, 2024, 35, 125201
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad1649

Advances in In Situ Investigations of Heterogeneous Catalytic Ammonia Synthesis

Weiyi Su, Xi Cheng, Suokun Shang, Runze Pan, Miao Qi, Qinqin Sang, Zhen Xie, Honghua Zhang, Ke Wang and Yanrong Liu

Catalysts, 2025, 15, 160
DOI: 10.3390/catal15020160

Effective N2 activation strategies for electrochemical ammonia synthesis

Minghang Jiang, Xi Chen, Fasheng Chen, Mengjun Wang, Xiaojun Luo, Yi He, Caijun Wu, Liyun Zhang, Xiao Li, Xuemei Liao, Zhenju Jiang and Zhong Jin

Chem, 2025, 11, 102441
DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2025.102441

Comparative Review of High‐ and Low‐Temperature Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis

Yannik Kohlhaas, Lucy Nohl, Robert Keller, Lambertus GJ de Haart, Ruediger‐Albert Eichel and Matthias Wessling

Electrochemical Science Adv, 2025, 5
DOI: 10.1002/elsa.70001

Revitalizing lithium-mediated ammonia electrosynthesis activity over heterogeneous lithiophobic-lithiophilic solid electrolyte interphase

Yu Sun, Mingzi Sun, Hao Xue, Xuehua Zhang, Fangying Duan, Zijian Gao, Rongji Liu, Bolong Huang, Menglei Yuan and Guangjin Zhang

Journal of Energy Chemistry, 2025, 107, 233
DOI: 10.1016/j.jechem.2025.03.057

Emerging two-dimensional materials: Synthesis, physical properties, and application for catalysis in energy conversion and storage

Liang Xu, Rashid Iqbal, Yijun Wang, Sana Taimoor, Leiduan Hao, Renhao Dong, Kaihui Liu, John Texter and Zhenyu Sun

TIMS, 2024, 2, 100060
DOI: 10.59717/j.xinn-mater.2024.100060

Toward Stable Li‐Mediated Nitrogen Reduction: Strategies, Milestones, and Future Outlook

Jinwoo Chu, Sungbin Yang and Byungha Shin

ChemSusChem, 2025, 18
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202500674

Suppressing Anion Repulsion for Enhancing Li-Mediated Nitrogen Reduction

Chaeeun Lim, Yurim Sohn, Minjun Kwon, Dong-Hwa Seo, Wooyul Kim and Kijung Yong

ACS Energy Lett., 2025, 10, 5796
DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.5c02721

Fast and Sensitive Detection of Ammonia from Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reactions by 1H NMR with Radiation Damping

Aya Assafiri, Chen Jia, Donald S. Thomas, David B. Hibbert and Chuan Zhao

Small Methods, 2024, 8
DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301373

Enhanced Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction via the Transport of Superacidic Microdroplets

Amir H. Aslambakhsh, Yuecheng Zhang, Sandra E. Kentish and Colin A. Scholes

ACS Appl. Energy Mater., 2024, 7, 7956
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.4c01575

Localized High‐Concentration Electrolyte in Li‐Mediated Nitrogen Reduction for Ammonia Synthesis

Hyeju Yun, Chaeeun Lim, Minjun Kwon, Dongmin Lee, Yongju Yun, Dong‐Hwa Seo and Kijung Yong

Advanced Materials, 2024, 36
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408280

Toward sustainable ammonia: A techno-economic and environmental assessment of emerging electrochemical ammonia synthesis pathways

Juyeon Kim, Sangwoo Lee, Woong Choi and Jonggeol Na

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2025, 524, 169131
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2025.169131

Development and assessment of an innovative gel electrolyte using polyvinyl alcohol, lithium sulfate, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate for advanced supercapacitor performance

Abubakar Dahiru Shuaibu, Syed Shaheen Shah, Atif Saeed Alzahrani and Md. Abdul Aziz

Journal of Energy Storage, 2024, 92, 112040
DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2024.112040

Microfluidics for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage: Prospects Toward Sustainable Ammonia Production

Ervin Rems, Ana Herceg, Desislava Yordanova Apostolova, Robert Dominko, Primož Jovanovič and Bostjan Genorio

The Chemical Record, 2025, 25
DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400234

Theoretical insight into the mechanism of Li-mediated nitrogen reduction reaction by density functional theory

Ji Zhang, Aimin Yu, Dong-sheng Li and Chenghua Sun

Molecular Catalysis, 2024, 569, 114593
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2024.114593

General corrosion endowed by electrolyte engineering enhancing Lithium-Mediated nitrogen fixation

Hong Liu, Zhenkang Wang, Haoqing Ji, Tao Qian, Chenglin Yan and Jianmei Lu

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 490, 151707
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.151707

Lithium‐Germanium Alloy Interfaces for Efficient Low‐Pressure Ammonia Synthesis

Weijian Yang, Pengju Li, Kaining Duanmu, Zijian Zhao, Limei Tian, Dan‐Dan Zhai, Benjamin D. Sherman, Mark G. Humphrey, Zhang‐Jie Shi, Chi Zhang and Ke Hu

Angew Chem Int Ed, 2026
DOI: 10.1002/anie.9951729

High-loading single-atom catalysts for electrocatalytic applications

Kangcheng Wang, Kai Wei, Xian Wang and Junjie Ge

Electrochimica Acta, 2025, 513, 145624
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2024.145624

Electrochemical urea synthesis

Yannik Kohlhaas, Yannick S. Tschauder, Wenzel Plischka, Ulrich Simon, Rüdiger-A. Eichel, Matthias Wessling and Robert Keller

Joule, 2024, 8, 1579
DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2024.04.004

Review of Graphene Materials as Electrocatalysts for the Production of Green Ammonia from Nitrogen‐Containing Compounds

Luis Herrán, Mamié Sancy, Rodrigo del Río, Enrique Dalchiele, Daniela Silva, Diego F. Veliz‐Silva and Mauricio Isaacs

The Chemical Record, 2025, 25
DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202500072

MoS2-Modified Electrodes for the Lithium Redox Mediated Nitrogen Reduction at Low Overpotentials

Jason John, Rebecca Y. Hodgetts, Thi Mung Vu, Darcy Simondson, Syed Asad Abbas, Hoang-Long Du, Rosalie K. Hocking, Douglas R. Macfarlane and Alexandr N. Simonov

ACS Materials Lett., 2026, 8, 485
DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.5c01305

Research progress and challenges of copper-based catalysts in electrochemical nitrogen/carbon fixation

Lin Wang, Hangning Liu, Jie Wang and Liangyu Gong

Sci. Sin.-Chim, 2023, 53, 1306
DOI: 10.1360/SSC-2023-0091

Toward sustainable and stable lithium-mediated ammonia synthesis

Xingyu Ding, Zuxin Wen and Xianbiao Fu

One Earth, 2026, 9, 101661
DOI: 10.1016/j.oneear.2026.101661

Rapid and high-throughput synthesis of rare earth molybdate materials via molten salt method

Kanghua Yi, Yanze Wu, Yichuan Liu, Lin Wang, Yalan Liu and Weiqun Shi

Ceramics International, 2024, 50, 18053
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.02.294

Lithium‐Germanium Alloy Interfaces for Efficient Low‐Pressure Ammonia Synthesis

Weijian Yang, Pengju Li, Kaining Duanmu, Zijian Zhao, Limei Tian, Dan‐Dan Zhai, Benjamin D. Sherman, Mark G. Humphrey, Zhang‐Jie Shi, Chi Zhang and Ke Hu

Angewandte Chemie, 2026
DOI: 10.1002/ange.9951729