The progress of nanomaterials for carbon dioxide capture via the adsorption process

Abstract

As a major component of greenhouse gases (GHGs), excessive CO₂ emissions have led to a series of environmental issues. Therefore, CO₂ capture and storage (CCS) have attracted extensive attention from both fundamental and practical research communities. However, traditional adsorbents and catalysts still have many defects in CO₂ capture and transformation. In recent years, nanomaterials have been considered as promising adsorbents for CO₂ capture due to their high adsorption capacity, low cost and wide availability. This review article describes the main technologies used for CO₂ capture, highlights the latest research status of nanomaterials for CO₂ capture, and investigates the influence of surface microstructure and modification of materials on CO₂ capture ability. Although many new nanomaterials and capture technologies have been developed, the high cost and the low technology scale of CO₂ capture remain major obstacles. Future research should focus on designing low-cost, high-availability nanomaterials to reduce CO₂ emission from large-scale power plants.