Synthesis of Sr–morin complex and its in vitro response: decrease in osteoclast differentiation while sustaining osteoblast mineralization ability

Abstract

Strontium ranelate (SrR) has been used as the ultimate choice for osteoporosis treatment. However, the development of more tolerable and bioactive Sr²⁺ carriers is still a need. The design of Sr²⁺-based platforms has moved towards the obtention of anion carriers that can also exhibit a positive effect on bone metabolism. In this sense, we used morin, a natural flavonoid, as a new arrangement for Sr²⁺ carriage in the synthesis of an Sr²⁺ complex. It has been claimed that phenolic compounds promote bone health. Therefore, we hypothesized that the association of Sr²⁺ with morin could improve its anabolic effects. Complexes with the general formula [(C₁₅H₉O₇)Sr(H₂O)₂]Cl·3H₂O were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, UV-Vis and infrared absorption spectroscopies and ¹H-nuclear magnetic resonance. We showed that the complexation between morin and Sr²⁺ occurred among the 3-OH and 4CO groups of morin. Preosteoclasts cultures with the Sr–morin complex exhibited a reduced osteoclast differentiation rate and sustained osteoblast mineralization ability. The response of Sr–morin was higher than that observed for SrR at the same concentration range. Considering the above-mentioned observations, the Sr–morin complex could be an interesting approach to be further exploited not only as an alternative treatment for osteoporosis but also in the design of materials for faster osteointegration.