Issue 20, 2017

A two-phase system for the clean and high yield synthesis of furylmethane derivatives over –SO3H functionalized ionic liquids

Abstract

A new and effective unique two-phase reaction system is investigated for the high yield production of tri(furyl)methane from furfural and furan. This strategy includes the use of an acidic aqueous phase (water + –SO3H functionalized IL) and furan phase, which significantly suppresses polymer formation, thereby increasing the yield of tri(furyl)methane. Furan serves as a reactant as well as an extraction solvent for the recovery of the condensation products. For comparison, different –SO3H functionalized ionic liquids are prepared and their performances evaluated for the condensation of furan and furfural. The ionic liquids with alkyl chain linkers are found to be more effective and acidic than those with imidazolium linked N-sulfonic acids. In addition, an increase in carbon chain length between imidazole/tri-ethylamine/pyridine and –SO3H, increases the catalytic activity of the respective ionic liquids. Among the several prepared ionic liquids, the strongly acidic imidazolium based butylsulfonic acid 6 shows the best activity with a maximum condensation product yield of 84%. This strategy offers a significantly high yield of the condensation products of furan and furfural compared to the traditional mineral acid route. The activity and stability of the –SO3H functionalized 6 is confirmed from seven successful recycles, in which there is no reduction in its activity. Finally, this new strategy is successfully extended for the condensation of furan derivatives (e.g. furan and 2-methylfuran) with several different aldehydes, ketones and alcohols.

Graphical abstract: A two-phase system for the clean and high yield synthesis of furylmethane derivatives over –SO3H functionalized ionic liquids

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
11 رمضان 1438
Accepted
19 شوال 1438
First published
20 شوال 1438

Green Chem., 2017,19, 4804-4810

A two-phase system for the clean and high yield synthesis of furylmethane derivatives over –SO3H functionalized ionic liquids

S. H. Shinde and C. V. Rode, Green Chem., 2017, 19, 4804 DOI: 10.1039/C7GC01654A

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements