Issue 89, 2021

Germatranes and carbagermatranes: (hetero)aryl and alkyl coupling partners in Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions

Abstract

In the past few decades, palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have taken root in the construction of a complex synthetic community. The development of organometallics has been an important objective in this field. Our group has focused on exploiting new germanium-based reagents and the corresponding catalytic processes. In the past three years, we have established new methods for the synthesis of structure-modified (hetero)aryl germatranes and alkyl carbagermatranes. Particularly for alkyl carbagermatranes, the stability to be compatible with various derivatization reactions and the high activity for transmetallation (e.g. base/additive-free for primary alkyl carbagermatranes) distinguish them from many reported nucleophiles. In this article, we would introduce (1) the development process of organogermanium reagents in palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings; (2) the history of germatrane-type systems and the breakthrough we have made in the field; (3) the outlook for (carba)germatranes and alkyl-GeMe3.

Graphical abstract: Germatranes and carbagermatranes: (hetero)aryl and alkyl coupling partners in Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions

Article information

Article type
Feature Article
Submitted
02 محرم 1443
Accepted
09 صفر 1443
First published
12 ربيع الأول 1443

Chem. Commun., 2021,57, 11764-11775

Germatranes and carbagermatranes: (hetero)aryl and alkyl coupling partners in Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions

M. Xu and B. Xiao, Chem. Commun., 2021, 57, 11764 DOI: 10.1039/D1CC04373K

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