Neodymium niobate nanospheres on functionalized carbon nanofibers: a nanoengineering approach for highly sensitive vanillin detection

Abstract

Vanillin (VAN), the primary aroma compound in vanilla, contributes significantly to sensory delight; however, its unrestrained presence poses notable health risks. In response to the demanding concern regarding food safety, researchers have directed their efforts towards the detection of VAN, seeking sustainable strategies for contamination prevention. A groundbreaking solution has emerged in the form of a novel sensing platform, whose core lies on a finely tuned electrode, crafted through the incorporation of nano-sized NdNbO₄ spheres onto carbon nanofibers (CNFs). This incorporation serves to augment the capabilities of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), transforming it into a highly sensitive detector primed for vanillin detection. The NdNbO₄/f-CNF nanocomposite embodies a paradigm of synergistic collaboration, wherein the nonlinear cumulative effects of synergism and quantum confinement impart exceptional performance characteristics. Notably, the sensor achieves a low detection limit of 6.3 nmol L⁻¹, indicative of its remarkable sensitivity of 2.3 μA μ(mol L⁻¹)⁻¹ cm⁻² and precision of 1.519 and 4.72%. Moreover, the sensor boasts a wide linear range spanning from 0.001 to 63.101 μmol L⁻¹. These attributes, coupled with its discerning selectivity and robust stability, underscore its efficacy as a versatile tool for vanillin detection. Indeed, its successful deployment in monitoring food samples underscores its applicability across diverse culinary contexts, further cementing its status as a pivotal asset in safeguarding food quality and consumer well-being.