Issue 31, 2021

Transition metal-catalyzed C–H functionalizations of indoles

Abstract

Over the last two decades, transition-metal catalyzed C–H functionalization of indoles has emerged as an area of extensive research and tremendous progress has been made in this regard. Early developments led to the positional-selective C–H functionalization at the C3 and C2-positions of indoles, based on the inherent reactivity of indoles and the application of Lewis-basic directing groups. Despite the challenges associated with lower accessibility of the C–H bonds on the benzenoid ring, considerable efforts have also been made in the development of elegant methodologies to enable site-selective C–H functionalization on the benzenoid moiety, at C4–C7 positions. This review summarises a wide range of useful transformations, including C–H arylation, alkenylation, alkynylation, acylation, nitration, borylation, annulations, and amidation with the aid of various transition-metal catalysts.

Graphical abstract: Transition metal-catalyzed C–H functionalizations of indoles

Article information

Article type
Perspective
Submitted
07 Apr. 2021
Accepted
09 Jul. 2021
First published
10 Jul. 2021

New J. Chem., 2021,45, 13692-13746

Transition metal-catalyzed C–H functionalizations of indoles

P. Kumar, P. J. Nagtilak and M. Kapur, New J. Chem., 2021, 45, 13692 DOI: 10.1039/D1NJ01696B

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