Issue 2, 2024

Progress in the applications of biocompatible ionic liquids: renewable commodity production, catalytic and pharmaceutical approaches – a review

Abstract

Millions of tons of solvents are consumed annually in various industrial sectors, such as pharmaceuticals, chemical synthesis, textiles, coatings, paints, and others. Ionic liquids (ILs) are pairs of ions in the liquid form synthesized at temperatures below 100 °C that meet specific demands of processes, replacing organic solvents that are harmful to the environment. They offer exceptional prospects as advanced solvents owing to their unique attributes and remarkable recyclability. However, alkyl imidazolium-based ILs have proven to be flammable when exposed to heat, and cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity were observed for many traditional ILs. Therefore, with a focus on negligible toxicity, biocompatibility, straightforward preparation, and sustainability, biocompatible ionic liquids (Bio-ILs) have emerged with huge potential in many different fields of chemistry. These solvents are specifically designed to be derived from naturally occurring compounds. Their physical–chemical properties, modulated according to the application, make them an attractive green technology. Therefore, this review addresses the recent advances in Bio-ILs that include the production of renewable commodities and approaches in catalysis and the pharmaceutical field. Likewise, patents and future perspectives are discussed, demonstrating the great potential of Bio-ILs as green and sustainable compounds.

Graphical abstract: Progress in the applications of biocompatible ionic liquids: renewable commodity production, catalytic and pharmaceutical approaches – a review

Article information

Article type
Tutorial Review
Submitted
28 Way 2023
Accepted
27 Xim 2023
First published
29 Xim 2023

Green Chem., 2024,26, 705-719

Progress in the applications of biocompatible ionic liquids: renewable commodity production, catalytic and pharmaceutical approaches – a review

J. M. Costa, T. Forster-Carneiro and J. P. Hallett, Green Chem., 2024, 26, 705 DOI: 10.1039/D3GC03693F

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