Impact of Bisphenol-A Exposure on Fetal Brain Development and Neurological Health-A Review

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA), a ubiquitous industrial material, is widely employed as a starting material in preparing epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. Substantial evidence has explored the positive correlation between BPA exposure and developmental disorders in the fetal central nervous system. This compound is utilized on very high scales around the globe. This compound has been enlisted as one of the EDCs and poses detrimental effects on fetal neurodevelopment. Maternal exposure to BPA affects the neurodevelopment of the fetus and could alter an individual mental or physical health throughout life. Bisphenol has adverse effects on thyroxine alternatively affecting fetal development. BPA also affects sexual behaviors and causes hypersexuality. Along with all these BPA also has epigenetic and transgenerational effects. Its exposure also affects memory formation and the normal functioning of the pituitary gland. The main aim of our review is to highlight the impact of BPA on fetal neurodevelopment and mental behavior. It is essential to completely understand the mechanism of action of BPA on the molecular structure of interneurons and other neurons during fetal development due to BPA exposure. This will help in the evaluation of interneuron linkage and other neural activities along with brain development from fetal to a mature state of life. This review encompasses the literature available about the abnormal impacts of BPA on fetal development due to maternal exposure to BPA. We have surveyed the relevant literature to disseminate the information obtained through research carried out to reveal these impacts.