A multifunctional core–shell nanoplatform for enhanced cancer cell apoptosis and targeted chemotherapy

Abstract

A novel multifunctional nanoplatform was designed based on the combination of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with nucleolin-targeted and doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded manganese dioxide (MnO₂) nanosheets to induce enhanced cancer cell apoptosis. MnO₂ nanosheets fabricated on the surface of AgNPs served as efficient fluorescence quenchers of Dox. After being internalized into cancer cells, the fluorescence of Dox could be turned on gradually by intracellular glutathione (GSH) which reduces MnO₂ into Mn²⁺ to release Dox. The synergetic effects of AgNP-induced apoptosis and subsequent Dox delivery resulted in enhanced cancer cell apoptosis. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) detection and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection demonstrated the specific enhanced apoptosis of cancer cells. In this way, the novel nanoprobes can be used as promising theranostic agents for specific cancer therapy.