Issue 18, 2015

Multifunctional π-expanded oligothiophene macrocycles

Abstract

This tutorial review summarizes recent progress in the design, synthesis, and multifunctional properties of fully conjugated macrocyclic π-systems. We focus on the π-expanded oligothiophene macrocycles after a short survey of macrocyclic conjugated loops and belts such as [n]cycloparaphenylenes, cyclic[n]para-phenylacetylenes, [4]cyclo-2,8-crysenylenes, and cyclo[n]thiophenes. Fully conjugated π-expanded oligothiophene macrocycles possess shape-persistent but sometimes pliable π-frames, and the electronic and optoelectronic properties of the macrocycles largely depend on the π-systems inserted into the oligothiophene macrocycles. Among them, the π-expanded oligothiophene macrocycle composed of 2,5-thienylenes, ethynylenes, and vinylenes is one of the most widely applicable macrocycles for constructing multifunctional π-systems. These π-expanded oligothiophene macrocycles from small to very large ring sizes can be prepared via a short step procedure, and their various solid state structures can be determined by X-ray analysis. Since these macrocycles have inner and outer domains, specific information concerning structural, electronic, and optical properties is expected. Furthermore, π-expanded oligothiophene macrocycles with alkyl substituents exhibit various morphologies depending on nanophase separation of molecules, and a morphological change is observed for the molecular switch.

Graphical abstract: Multifunctional π-expanded oligothiophene macrocycles

Article information

Article type
Tutorial Review
Submitted
13 Cax 2015
First published
23 Qad 2015

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2015,44, 6411-6424

Author version available

Multifunctional π-expanded oligothiophene macrocycles

M. Iyoda and H. Shimizu, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2015, 44, 6411 DOI: 10.1039/C5CS00388A

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