Amorphous Ni(OH)2 @ three-dimensional Ni core–shell nanostructures for high capacitance pseudocapacitors and asymmetric supercapacitors

Abstract

A complex hydroxide/metal Ni(OH)₂@Ni core–shell electrode was developed for a high-performance and flexible pseudocapacitor. Compared to the conventional Ni(OH)₂ electrode, the as-prepared amorphous Ni(OH)₂@ three-dimensional (3D) Ni core–shell electrode shows a large specific capacitance of 2868 F g⁻¹ at a scan rate of 1 mV s⁻¹ and a good cycling stability (3% degradation after 1000 cycles) at a scan rate of 100 mV s⁻¹. Furthermore, the high rate capability with a specific capacitance of 2454 F g⁻¹ can be achieved at a charge–discharge current density of 5 A g⁻¹. An amorphous Ni(OH)₂@3D Ni-AC based asymmetric supercapacitor could be cycled reversibly in the high-voltage region of 0–1.3 V, and the specific capacitance of 92.8 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹. This research demonstrates that introduction of a metal core to conventional hydroxide supercapacitor electrodes could open up new opportunities for designing and developing high-performance supercapacitors.