Issue 42, 2023

Stepwise construction of multi-component metal–organic frameworks

Abstract

Multi-component metal–organic frameworks (MC-MOFs) are crystalline porous materials containing multiple organic ligands or mixed metals, which manifest new properties beyond the linear combination of the single component. However, the traditional one-pot synthesis method for MOFs is not always applicable for synthesizing MC-MOFs due to the competitive coordination of multiple ligands and metals. Therefore, the stepwise construction of MC-MOFs has been explored, which enables more precise control of the heterogeneity within the ordered MC-MOFs. This review provides a summary of the synthesis strategies, namely, ligand exchange, coordinative modification, covalent modification, ligand metalation, cluster metalation, and use of mixed-metal precursors, for the stepwise construction of MC-MOFs. Furthermore, we discuss the applications of MC-MOFs with ordered arrangements of multiple functionalities, focusing on gas adsorption and separation, water remediation, heterogeneous catalysis, luminescence, and chemical sensing.

Graphical abstract: Stepwise construction of multi-component metal–organic frameworks

Article information

Article type
Perspective
Submitted
31 Cax 2023
Accepted
24 Qad 2023
First published
26 Qad 2023

Dalton Trans., 2023,52, 15233-15252

Stepwise construction of multi-component metal–organic frameworks

X. Xu, L. Gao and S. Yuan, Dalton Trans., 2023, 52, 15233 DOI: 10.1039/D3DT01668D

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