Issue 32, 2024

Sodium 4-styrenesulfonyl(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide-based single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte incorporating molecular transporters for quasi-solid-state sodium batteries

Abstract

Sodium batteries are an attractive alternative for future energy storage as they can be produced with abundant and low-cost materials. Nonetheless, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are often composed of flammable and volatile carbonate-based liquid electrolytes. Polymer electrolytes have attracted significant attention as safer alternatives. Among polymer electrolytes, single-ion conductive polymer electrolytes (SIPEs) are considered particularly interesting because they can suppress dendrite growth, enabling high-performance (quasi)-solid-state sodium–(metal) batteries. In this work, a self-standing, flexible, quasi-solid-state SIPE is investigated, which is composed of sodium 4-styrene sulfonyl (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (NaSTFSI), pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PET4A) blended with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP). The SIPE membrane, including 50 wt% of molecular transporter, exhibits ionic conductivity of 1.4 × 10−5 S cm−1 and 1.3 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 20 °C and 90 °C, respectively, thermal stability up to 280 °C, electrochemical stability window up to 4.5 V vs. Na/Na+, and Na plating/stripping reversibility in symmetric Na‖Na cells. The manufactured SIPE implemented in Prussian White (PW)‖Na cells enables the delivery of 147 mA h g−1 of PW at 15 mA g−1 with a Coulombic efficiency of over 99%, which is comparable with the PW‖Na cells using liquid carbonate electrolyte, confirming the suitability of the designed SIPE for sodium–(metal) batteries.

Graphical abstract: Sodium 4-styrenesulfonyl(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide-based single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte incorporating molecular transporters for quasi-solid-state sodium batteries

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
05 Apr 2024
Accepted
11 Jul 2024
First published
12 Jul 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024,12, 20935-20946

Sodium 4-styrenesulfonyl(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide-based single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte incorporating molecular transporters for quasi-solid-state sodium batteries

C. Wunder, T. Lai, E. Šić, T. Gutmann, E. De Vito, G. Buntkowsky, M. Zarrabeitia and S. Passerini, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, 12, 20935 DOI: 10.1039/D4TA02329C

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