Issue 25, 2024

Advancements in enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanomaterials: toward sustainable industrial applications

Abstract

Enzymes are widely used in biofuels, food, and pharmaceuticals. The immobilization of enzymes on solid supports, particularly magnetic nanomaterials, enhances their stability and catalytic activity. Magnetic nanomaterials are chosen for their versatility, large surface area, and superparamagnetic properties, which allow for easy separation and reuse in industrial processes. Researchers focus on the synthesis of appropriate nanomaterials tailored for specific purposes. Immobilization protocols are predefined and adapted to both enzymes and support requirements for optimal efficiency. This review provides a detailed exploration of the application of magnetic nanomaterials in enzyme immobilization protocols. It covers methods, challenges, advantages, and future perspectives, starting with general aspects of magnetic nanomaterials, their synthesis, and applications as matrices for solid enzyme stabilization. The discussion then delves into existing enzymatic immobilization methods on magnetic nanomaterials, highlighting advantages, challenges, and potential applications. Further sections explore the industrial use of various enzymes immobilized on these materials, the development of enzyme-based bioreactors, and prospects for these biocatalysts. In summary, this review provides a concise comparison of the use of magnetic nanomaterials for enzyme stabilization, highlighting potential industrial applications and contributing to manufacturing optimization.

Graphical abstract: Advancements in enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanomaterials: toward sustainable industrial applications

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Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
20 Apr 2024
Accepted
27 May 2024
First published
05 Jun 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2024,14, 17946-17988

Advancements in enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanomaterials: toward sustainable industrial applications

A. L. Gama Cavalcante, D. N. Dari, F. Izaias da Silva Aires, E. Carlos de Castro, K. Moreira dos Santos and J. C. Sousa dos Santos, RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 17946 DOI: 10.1039/D4RA02939A

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