Issue 18, 2024

Application of cold-adapted microbial agents in soil contaminate remediation: biodegradation mechanisms, case studies, and safety assessments

Abstract

The microbial agent technology has made significant progress in remediating nitro-aromatic compounds (NACs), such as p-nitrophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene, in farmland soil over the past decade. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of the bioavailability and degradation mechanisms of these compounds in low-temperature environments. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the strategies employed by cold-adapted microorganisms and elucidate the degradation pathways of NACs pollutants. To further analyze their metabolic mechanisms, we propose using mass balance to improve our understanding of biochemical processes and refine the degradation pathways through stoichiometry analysis. Additionally, we suggest employing 13C-metabolic flux analysis to track enzyme activity and intermediate products during bio-degradation processes with the aim of accelerating the remediation of nitro-aromatic compounds, particularly in cold regions. Through a comprehensive analysis of pollutant metabolic activities and a commitment to the ‘One Health’ approach, with an emphasis on selecting non-pathogenic strains, the environmental management strategies for soil remediation could be positioned to develop and implement safe and effective measure.

Graphical abstract: Application of cold-adapted microbial agents in soil contaminate remediation: biodegradation mechanisms, case studies, and safety assessments

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
27 Feb 2024
Accepted
11 Apr 2024
First published
19 Apr 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2024,14, 12720-12734

Application of cold-adapted microbial agents in soil contaminate remediation: biodegradation mechanisms, case studies, and safety assessments

J. Li, Y. Wen, Z. Fang, W. Yang and X. Song, RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 12720 DOI: 10.1039/D4RA01510J

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