A low-cost and high-yield green preparation method of graphdiyne and hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne and their photocatalytic properties

Abstract

Graphdiyne (GDY), a new two-dimensional (2D) carbon hybrid material, has attracted much attention because it can function as both an electron donor and acceptor and possesses a certain intrinsic band gap due to its unique sp and sp² conjugate hybridization. In this study, a new method has been developed for the low-cost and high-yield production of GDY and hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne (H-GDY). This new one-pot conjugation method offers several advantages over traditional cross-coupling methods and mechanical methods, including simpler steps and lower risk. The experiments on the synthesis of different halogenated benzene precursors demonstrate that GDY and H-GDY can be directly synthesized using a simple one-pot method with obvious universality. XRD, SEM mapping, XPS and TEM analyses reveal the presence of SiO₂ and SiC in the GDY and H-GDY obtained through the one-pot conjugation method. The sources of SiO₂ and SiC are analyzed. Based on all the experimental results, it is observed that introducing fluorine in the one-pot conjugation method leads to the formation of CaF₂ which affects the photocatalytic activity of H-GDY and GDY.