Effective assessment of lanthanide ion delivery into live cells by paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy†
Abstract
We report an effective assessment of lanthanide ion (Ln3+) delivery into live cells by paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy. Free Ln3+ ions are toxic to live cells resulting in a gradual leakage of target proteins to the extracellular media. The citrate–Ln3+ complex is an efficient and mild reagent over the free Ln3+ form for live cell delivery.