Highly reversible Li-ion full batteries using a Mg-doped Li-rich Li1.2Ni0.28Mn0.468Mg0.052O2 cathode and carbon-decorated Mn3O4 anode with hierarchical microsphere structures

Abstract

In this paper, a microsphere (MS) structured Mg-doped Li-rich Li_1.2Ni_0.28Mn_0.468Mg_0.052O₂ (0.5Li₂MnO₃·0.5LiNi_0.7Mn_0.17Mg_0.13O₂, LLNMO@Mg) cathode material and Mn₃O₄ coated with carbon (Mn₃O₄@C) anode material were prepared for application to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The as-synthesized LLNMO@Mg MSs were used in a LIB cathode, and they exhibited a high discharge capacity output (242.5 mA h g⁻¹), outstanding cycling retention, and good rate capability. Additionally, the Mn₃O₄@C MSs exhibited a high discharge capacity output (1228.9 mA h g⁻¹), better capacity retention, and high rate properties, as compared to bare Mn₃O₄ MSs. Consequently, when the full LIB consisted of an LLNMO@Mg MS cathode and Mn₃O₄@C MS anode, it exhibited an initial discharge capacity of about 179.6 mA h g⁻¹ from 4.2 to 0.1 V. The improved Li⁺ storage performances suggest that this full Li-ion cell with LLNMO@Mg and Mn₃O₄@C could be a next-generation LIB system.