Issue 17, 2021

Time-dependent transformation routes of perovskites CsPbBr3 and CsPbCl3 under high pressure

Abstract

All-inorganic halide perovskites are prospective materials for diverse applications in photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. Their high performance is associated with good operational stability, which is the key problem of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites. However, for these materials only fragmentary information is available on the mechanical robustness and response to external stress, fundamentally important for strain engineering in multilayers, pressure-assisted technologies, and flexible panels applications. Here we show that all-inorganic perovskites CsPbX3 (where X = Cl, Br) undergo various types of pressure-induced transformations, including reversible phase transitions, irreversible chemical reactions reducing the dimensionality of PbX6 frameworks, and amorphization. The transformation routes depend on the mode of the applied stress and are related to the kinetics of transitions to the most stable phases. The slow-kinetics transformations in a moderate pressure range of technological importance, between 0.5 and 1.5 GPa, can require days or even weeks, depending on the sample quality and external stimuli. The pressure-induced narrowing and widening of energy gaps has been explained by the mechanism combining Pb–X bond lengths and PbX6 octahedra tilts with the electronic structure of the crystals.

Graphical abstract: Time-dependent transformation routes of perovskites CsPbBr3 and CsPbCl3 under high pressure

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
03 Mar 2021
Accepted
11 Apr 2021
First published
12 Apr 2021

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2021,9, 10769-10779

Time-dependent transformation routes of perovskites CsPbBr3 and CsPbCl3 under high pressure

M. Szafrański, A. Katrusiak and K. Ståhl, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2021, 9, 10769 DOI: 10.1039/D1TA01875B

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