Issue 17, 2021

Tricyclic nitrogen-rich explosives with a planar backbone: bis(1,2,4-triazolyl)-1,2,3-triazoles as potential stable green gas generants

Abstract

Two tricyclic nitrogen-rich compounds, 4,5-bis(5-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole (4) and 4,5-bis(5-nitramino-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole (5), were obtained based on the combination of two different triazole heterocycles. The metal-free energetic salts (6–16) were synthesized with positive heat of formation and good thermal stability. Among these salts, dicarbohydrazide salt 9 and triaminoguanidine salt 16 exhibit the relevant high detonation velocities (9: D = 8720 m s−1 and 16: D = 8748 m s−1) which are comparable to that of RDX (8795 m s−1). Besides, the impact and friction sensitivities of compounds 4–16 (IS: 28–40 J, FS: 324–360 N) indicate that they have low sensitivities to mechanical stimulations. The planar structure of crystal 4·3H2O was confirmed by single crystal X-ray analysis. In order to evaluate their gas production capacities, constant-volume combustion experiments were conducted on 9 and 16 with high gas production volume (≥840 dm3 kg−1). The maximum gas-production pressures of 9 (Pmax = 16.20 MPa) and 16 (Pmax = 11.21 MPa) are much higher than that of commonly used gas generant guanidine nitrate (GN: Pmax = 4.20 MPa).

Graphical abstract: Tricyclic nitrogen-rich explosives with a planar backbone: bis(1,2,4-triazolyl)-1,2,3-triazoles as potential stable green gas generants

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
06 Jan 2021
Accepted
28 Mar 2021
First published
29 Mar 2021

New J. Chem., 2021,45, 7758-7765

Tricyclic nitrogen-rich explosives with a planar backbone: bis(1,2,4-triazolyl)-1,2,3-triazoles as potential stable green gas generants

H. Gu, G. Cheng and H. Yang, New J. Chem., 2021, 45, 7758 DOI: 10.1039/D1NJ00076D

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