Oxidative degradation of toxic organic pollutants by water soluble nonheme iron(iv)-oxo complexes of polydentate nitrogen donor ligands

Abstract

The ability of four mononuclear nonheme iron(IV)-oxo complexes supported by polydentate nitrogen donor ligands to degrade organic pollutants has been investigated. The water soluble iron(II) complexes upon treatment with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) in aqueous solution are converted into the corresponding iron(IV)-oxo complexes. The hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) ability of iron(IV)-oxo species has been exploited for the oxidation of halogenated phenols and other toxic pollutants with weak X–H (X = C, O, S, etc.) bonds. The iron-oxo oxidants can oxidize chloro- and fluorophenols with moderate to high yields under stoichiometric as well as catalytic conditions. Furthermore, these oxidants perform selective oxidative degradation of several persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as bisphenol A, nonylphenol, 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and gammaxene. This work demonstrates the utility of water soluble iron(IV)-oxo complexes as potential catalysts for the oxidative degradation of a wide range of toxic pollutants, and these oxidants could be considered as an alternative to conventional oxidation methods.