Issue 2, 2015

Manganese-induced neurotoxicity: from C. elegans to humans

Abstract

Manganese (Mn) is one of the most abundant metals on the earth. It is required for normal cellular activities, but overexposure leads to toxicity. Neurons are more susceptible to Mn-induced toxicity than other cells, and accumulation of Mn in the brain results in Manganism that presents with Parkinson's disease (PD)-like symptoms. In the last decade, a number of Mn transporters have been identified, which improves our understanding of Mn transport in and out of cells. However, the mechanism of Mn-induced neurotoxicity is only partially uncovered, with further research needed to explore the whole picture of Mn-induced toxicity. In this review, we will address recent progress in Mn-induced neurotoxicity from C. elegans to humans, and explore future directions that will help understand the mechanisms of its neurotoxicity.

Graphical abstract: Manganese-induced neurotoxicity: from C. elegans to humans

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
12 Sep 2014
Accepted
04 Nov 2014
First published
06 Nov 2014

Toxicol. Res., 2015,4, 191-202

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