Highly sensitive, stable, and precise detection of dopamine with carbon dots/tyrosinase hybrid as fluorescent probe

Abstract

A carbon dots/tyrosinase (CDs/TYR) hybrid as a low-cost fluorescent probe for the detection of dopamine exhibits high sensitivity, stability, and precision. The detection limit of dopamine is as low as 6.0 × 10⁻⁸ mol L⁻¹, and the wide detection range is from 1.318 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ to 2.06 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹. This kind of fluorescent probe did not need enzyme immobilization and modification, and the experiment results could be revealed as soon as the probe–sample incubation was completed. More importantly, these test results are comparable to that of the present clinical fluorescence detection and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the results show that the three methods agreed well with each other.