Estimates of hydride ion stability in condensed systems: energy of formation and solvation in aqueous and polar-organic solvents
Abstract
Fundamental to its chemical and electrochemical—especially electrochromic—reactions, energies of formation of the hydride anion in several solvents (and concomitant solvation energies) were re-evaluated ia a radius estimate derived from differing theoretical approaches of satisfactory mutual consistency. The values (Gibbs free energies—ions at the standard 1 mol dm−3, gases at 100 kPa; 25°C) with subscripted error-estimates were, in kJ mol−1, for water 1414, acetonitrile 2079, N,N-dimethylformamide 22814, dimethyl sulfoxide 21911, methanol 1569 (a first estimate), and nitrobenzene 18311 (a first estimate). The aqueous, acetonitrile and N,N-dimethylformamide values are substantial revisions.