Development and evaluation of a dipstick immunoassay format for the determination of atrazine residues on-site

Abstract

On the basis of a semi-quantitative dipstick immunoassay (IA) for atrazine with visual detection (Giersch, T., J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41, 1006), a quantitative format suitable as a field assay for the analysis of pesticide residues in water and liquid food samples on-site is described. For antibody immobilization, different membranes and immobilization techniques were investigated. The measuring range for atrazine was 0.3–10 µg l^–1 using reflectance detection. The total assay time was about 25 min with dipsticks previously coated with antibody. Atrazine-spiked water and liquid food samples were selected for assay evaluation. The samples could be measured directly without the need for any prior enrichment or clean-up steps. A satisfactory agreement was found between the results of the dipstick IA and HPLC or GC measurements of both the original and spiked samples.