Issue 41, 2019

Aqueous leaching of lithium from simulated pyrometallurgical slag by sodium sulfate roasting

Abstract

In the pyrometallurgical treatment for spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), lithium is generally present in slag with Al, Ca and Si and is hard to be further treated. In this study, lithium was recovered from a simulated pyrometallurgical slag (pyro-slag) via sodium roasting and water leaching. The thermodynamic process for the reactions between slag and additives such as NaCl, NaNO3 and Na2SO4 were simulated during roasting by the HSC software, where Na2SO4 possessed stronger chemical reactivity. The optimal conditions for roasting were experimentally determined to be 800 °C for 60 min and an Na2SO4/Li molar ratio of 3 : 1, followed by water leaching at 70 °C for 80 min using a liquid-to-solid (L/S) mass ratio of 30 : 1. This yielded a maximum of 93.62% lithium recovery. The mechanism by which insoluble lithium in slag was transformed into soluble lithium by salt roasting was proposed using the analysis of XRD and EDS spectra, in which ion exchange occurred between Na+ and Li+ at a certain temperature.

Graphical abstract: Aqueous leaching of lithium from simulated pyrometallurgical slag by sodium sulfate roasting

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
18 May 2019
Accepted
17 Jul 2019
First published
01 Aug 2019
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2019,9, 23908-23915

Aqueous leaching of lithium from simulated pyrometallurgical slag by sodium sulfate roasting

N. Li, J. Guo, Z. Chang, H. Dang, X. Zhao, S. Ali, W. Li, H. Zhou and C. Sun, RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 23908 DOI: 10.1039/C9RA03754C

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