Issue 25, 2017

Understanding the domino reaction between 1-diazopropan-2-one and 1,1-dinitroethylene. A molecular electron density theory study of the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of diazoalkanes with electron-deficient ethylenes

Abstract

The reaction between 1-diazopropan-2-one and 1,1-dinitroethylene has been studied using the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) computational level. This reaction comprises two domino processes initialised by a common [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction yielding a 1-pyrazoline, which participates in two competitive reaction channels. Along channel I, 1-pyrazoline firstly tautomerises to a 2-pyrazoline, which by a proton abstraction and spontaneous loss of nitrite anion yields the final pyrazole, while along channel II, the thermal extrusion of the nitrogen molecule in 1-pyrazoline gives a very reactive diradical intermediate which quickly yields the final gem-dinitrocyclopropane. Analysis of the conceptual DFT reactivity indices permits an explanation of the participation of 1-diazopropan-2-one in polar 32CA reactions. A Bonding Evolution Theory (BET) study along the more favourable regioisomeric reaction path associated to the 32CA reaction allows an explanation of its molecular mechanism. The present MEDT study sheds light on these complex domino reactions as well as on the participation of diazoalkanes in polar 32CA reactions towards strong electrophilic ethylenes via a two-stage one-step mechanism.

Graphical abstract: Understanding the domino reaction between 1-diazopropan-2-one and 1,1-dinitroethylene. A molecular electron density theory study of the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of diazoalkanes with electron-deficient ethylenes

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
13 Jan 2017
Accepted
28 Feb 2017
First published
09 Mar 2017
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

RSC Adv., 2017,7, 15586-15595

Understanding the domino reaction between 1-diazopropan-2-one and 1,1-dinitroethylene. A molecular electron density theory study of the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of diazoalkanes with electron-deficient ethylenes

L. R. Domingo, M. Ríos-Gutiérrez and S. Emamian, RSC Adv., 2017, 7, 15586 DOI: 10.1039/C7RA00544J

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications without requesting further permissions from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given.

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