Investigation on spatial distribution of optically thin condition in laser-induced aluminum plasma and its relationship with temporal evolution of plasma characteristics

Abstract

The temporal evolution of doublet lines intensity ratio, plasma temperature (T) and electron density (N_e) of different radial parts of aluminum plasma as well as the relationship between optically thin condition and plasma characteristics are investigated. With respect to doublet lines intensity ratio, the optimal delay time (t_ot) when the plasma is optically thin is determined by comparing the experimental intensity ratio of doublet Al(I) lines with the theoretical value. The optimal integration time, fiber collection angle, and delay time corresponding to the optically thin condition are 400 ns, 45°, and 500 ns, respectively, in which case the linearity of the calibration curve reaches 0.98, enabling more accurate composition measurements. The maximum temperature values are reached within 300 ns at 10°, 30°, 45°, and 80°, but after 900 ns at 55°, 60°, and 70°. Combined with the morphologic image of the plasma, we infer that the time at which a radial part of plasma reaches the highest temperature is related to the extent of its expansion. It is generally understood that the faster the radial part of plasma expands, the sooner the temperature reaches its maximum. The radial part of plasma may not be optically thin when the corresponding temperature reaches its maximum. If the highest temperature is obtained earlier, the optically thin condition is likely to appear in the descending stage of the temporal evolution curve of temperature. Otherwise, it may appear in the ascending stage. There seems to be no simple positive correlation between electron density and optically thin condition.