The microstructure and piezoelectric properties of Sb-modified and Ca-modified (K,Na)NbO3 nanowires with polycrystalline phase boundaries

Abstract

Sb-modified (K,Na)NbO₃ and Ca-modified (K,Na)NbO₃ (KNN-Ca) nanowires and nanoarrays with polycrystalline phase boundaries between the rhombohedral and tetragonal were successfully prepared by a hydrothermal method. The morphology of the KNN-Ca powders was controlled from the microscale to the nanoscale by the doping of Ca. The structure of the KNN-Ca nanowire was analysed by convergent beam electron diffraction.