Nanohybrids of RGO nanosheets and 2-dimensional porous Co3O4 nanoflakes working as highly efficient counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Abstract

In this paper, nanohybrids (Co₃O₄@RGO) of 2-dimensional (2D) porous Co₃O₄ nanoflakes anchored on reduced graphene oxide nanosheets have been fabricated by a facile hydrothermal reduction process. The introduction of RGO nanosheets substantially improved the performance of 2D porous Co₃O₄ nanoflakes as counter electrodes (CEs) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The DSSCs with this Co₃O₄@RGO CE displayed a power conversion efficiency of 5.79%, which is greatly higher than that of pure Co₃O₄ CE (1.2%) or pure RGO CE (2.2%), and even comparable to that of the conventional Pt CE (6.16%). At the same time, with the addition of RGO, the electrochemical stability of Co₃O₄@RGO nanohybrids is also greatly improved. This work gives an idea on how to take the advantage and to avoid the disadvantage of 2D nanoflakes by introducing RGO nanosheets. Meanwhile, the experimental result demonstrates that Co₃O₄@RGO nanohybrids are advanced CEs in DSSCs and may open a window for potential applications in any other related fields.