Issue 3, 2016

Glass-amorphous alkali-ion solid electrolytes and their performance in symmetrical cells

Abstract

Precursors of the crystalline antiperovskites A3−xHxOCl (A = Li or Na and 0 < x < 1) can be rendered glass/amorphous solid Li+ or Na+ electrolytes by the addition of water to its solvation limit with/without the addition of a small amount of an oxide or hydroxide. The solvated water is evaporated as HCl and 2(OH) = O2− + H2O. The O2− attracts a Li+ or Na+ to form dipoles; the remaining Li+ or Na+ are mobile. The Li+ or Na+ ionic conductivities of the glass/amorphous solids have activation energies ΔHm < 0.1 eV and a room-temperature conductivity comparable to that of the best organic liquid electrolytes. Measurements of the dielectric loss tangent versus frequency show two overlapping resonances at room temperature with the Ba-doped Li-glass; they are nearly overlapping at temperatures 41 °C < T < 141 °C in the Ba-doped Na-glass. Galvanostatic charging of a symmetric Cu/Na-glass/Cu cell for 1 h showed a remarkable self-charge on switching to open circuit; charging for 15 h followed by discharging at an applied −0.1 mA of the symmetric cell showed, in the discharge mode, a replating of sodium on the anode at a positive cell current of +0.07 mA for over 15 h. A model for these behaviors is proposed. A symmetric Li/Li-glass/Li cell was cycled to demonstrate plating of Li on a current collector from the Li-glass electrolyte.

Graphical abstract: Glass-amorphous alkali-ion solid electrolytes and their performance in symmetrical cells

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
22 Sep 2015
Accepted
14 Dec 2015
First published
24 Dec 2015

Energy Environ. Sci., 2016,9, 948-954

Author version available

Glass-amorphous alkali-ion solid electrolytes and their performance in symmetrical cells

M. H. Braga, A. J. Murchison, J. A. Ferreira, P. Singh and J. B. Goodenough, Energy Environ. Sci., 2016, 9, 948 DOI: 10.1039/C5EE02924D

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