Ammonia cation-assisted bubble template for synthesizing hollow TiO2 nanospheres and their application in lithium ion storage

Abstract

Hollow TiO₂ nanospheres are promising anode materials for lithium ion batteries. The synthesis of such nanostructures was achieved by an ammonia cation-assisted oxygen bubble template strategy in the present work. The formation of other transition metal-based hollow spheres also validates the proposed ammonia cation-assisted oxygen bubble template method. The formation mechanism was proposed on the basis of an investigation of the time dependency as well as the effect of H₂O₂ and NH₄Cl on the morphology. The discharge capacity of the prepared hollow TiO₂ nanospheres is 131 mA h g⁻¹ after 30 cycles.