Monoatomic-thick graphitic carbon nitride dots on graphene sheets as an efficient catalyst in the oxygen reduction reaction

Abstract

Atomically thick two-dimensional materials have been increasingly attracting research interest not only due to their promising applications in a range of functional devices but also to their theoretical value to unraveling the catalytic electron transfer process within a simplified scenario. In this work, the monoatomic-thick dot-sized graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) has been synthesized and intimately contacted to the basal plane of the graphene sheet to form the monolayer g-C₃N₄ dots@graphene (MTCG). The electrocatalytic activity of the MTCG in the oxygen reduction reaction is found to rival that of the commercial Pt/C catalyst in terms of the catalytic current density and half-wave potential. The density functional theory calculations confirm the catalytic improvement of the MTCG originates from a higher efficiency for the reduction of OOH⁻ than that of the g-C₃N₄ alone; therefore, the current work is expected to provide new insights in developing next-generation, highly efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction.