Issue 10, 2015

Caffeine dimerization: effects of sugar, salts, and water structure

Abstract

Sugars and salts strongly affect the dimerization of caffeine in water. Such a change of dimerization, considered to be crucial for bitter taste suppression, has long been rationalized by the change of “water structure” induced by the additives; “kosmotropic” (water structure enhancing) salts and sugars promote dimerization, whereas “chaotropic” (water structure breaking) salts suppress dimerization. Based on statistical thermodynamics, here we challenge this consensus; we combine the rigorous Kirkwood–Buff theory of solution with the classical isodesmic model of caffeine association. Instead of the change of water structure, we show that the enhancement of caffeine dimerization is due to the exclusion of additives from caffeine, and that the weakening of dimerization is due to the binding of additives on caffeine.

Graphical abstract: Caffeine dimerization: effects of sugar, salts, and water structure

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
27 May 2015
Accepted
11 Jul 2015
First published
29 Jul 2015

Food Funct., 2015,6, 3228-3235

Caffeine dimerization: effects of sugar, salts, and water structure

S. Shimizu, Food Funct., 2015, 6, 3228 DOI: 10.1039/C5FO00610D

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