Catalytic C–H bond functionalisation chemistry: the case for quasi-heterogeneous catalysis

Abstract

This feature article examines the potential of heterogeneous Pd species to mediate catalytic C–H bond functionalisation processes employing suitable substrates (e.g. aromatic/heteroaromatic compounds). A focus is placed on the reactivity of supported and non-supported Pd nanoparticle (PdNPs) catalysts, in addition to the re-appropriation of well-established heterogeneous Pd catalysts such as Pd/C. Where possible, reasonable comparisons are made between PdNPs and traditional ‘homogeneous’ Pd precatalyst sources (which form PdNPs). The involvement of higher order Pd species in traditional cross-coupling processes, such as Mizoroki–Heck, Sonogashira and Suzuki–Miyaura reactions, allows the exemplification of potential future topics for study in the area of catalytic C–H bond functionalisation processes.