Efficient one-pot click synthesis of β-hydroxy-1,2,3-triazoles catalyzed by copper(i)@phosphorated SiO2via multicomponent reaction in aqueous media

Abstract

Copper(I)-modified SiO₂, in particular Cu(I)@phosphorated SiO₂ (CPSi) has been found to effectively catalyze the multi-component synthesis of β-hydroxy-1,2,3-triazoles from a variety of epoxides and alkynes in water. This novel heterogeneous catalyst is easily recycled and reused several times. The formation of the product proceeds in two reaction steps in one pot through a mechanism that involves in situ generated organic azide intermediate, followed by rapid ring closure of this intermediate with terminal alkynes to form β-hydroxy-1,2,3-triazole derivatives. The pure products were obtained in significantly high yields and short reaction times.