Suppressing the coffee stain effect: how to control colloidal self-assembly in evaporating drops using electrowetting

H. B. Eral; D. Mampallil Augustine; M. H. G. Duits; F. Mugele

doi:10.1039/C1SM05183K

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Soft Matter

Issue 10, 2011

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Suppressing the coffee stain effect: how to control colloidal self-assembly in evaporating drops using electrowetting

H. B. Eral,^a D. Mampallil Augustine,^a M. H. G. Duits^a and F. Mugele^a

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University of Twente, MESA+ institute for Nanotechnology, Physics of Complex Fluids, Enschede, The Netherlands
E-mail: h.b.eral@utwente.nl

Soft Matter, 2011,7, 4954-4958

DOI: 10.1039/C1SM05183K
Received 02 Feb 2011, Accepted 14 Mar 2011
First published online 06 Apr 2011

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We study the influence of electrowetting on the formation of undesired solute residues, so-called coffee stains, during the evaporation of a drop containing non-volatile solvents. Electrowetting is found to suppress coffee stains of both colloidal particles of various sizes and DNA solutions at alternating (AC) frequencies ranging from a few Hertz to a few tens of kHz. Two main effects are shown to contribute to the suppression: (i) the time-dependent electrostatic force prevents pinning of the three phase contact line and (ii) internal flow fields generated by AC electrowetting counteract the evaporation driven flux and thereby prevent the accumulation of solutes along the contact line.

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