Room temperature synthesis of zinc hydroxystannate hollow core-shell microspheres and their hydrothermal growth of hollow core-shell polyhedral microcrystals

Abstract

In this study, a room temperature NH₃ bubble templating technique is developed to prepare zinc hydroxystannate [ZnSn(OH)₆] hollow core-shell microspheres. Then, via a hydrothermal recrystallizing process, ZnSn(OH)₆ hollow core-shell microcrystals with polyhedral morphology can be successfully obtained. It was found that the concentration of NH₄F plays a crucial role in the morphology of the product. The optimal condition for the formation of hollow core-shell ZnSn(OH)₆ microcrystals is that the concentration of NH₄F is at 0.25 mol L⁻¹ while the concentration of NaOH is fixed at 0.25 mol L⁻¹. Reaction time has also a great influence on the morphology of the product. With the reaction time prolonged, hollow core-shell ZnSn(OH)₆ microspheres would gradually crystallize into hollow core-shell ZnSn(OH)₆ polyhedral microcrystals. The samples have been characterized by means of X-ray power diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The formation mechanism of the ZnSn(OH)₆ hollow core-shell microcrystals with polyhedral morphology has been discussed based on the experimental results.