Detection of aflatoxins (G1–2, B1–2), sterigmatocystin, citrinine and ochratoxin A in samples contaminated by microbes

Abstract

A method is described for the simultaneous determination of common aflatoxins (G₁, G₂, B₁, B₂) and their precursor sterigmatocystin, and also citrinine and ochratoxin A. The method was applied to a building material matrix artificially contaminated with mycotoxin-producing fungi. The method includes extraction, sample pre-treatment and reversed-phase HPLC separation with tandem mass spectrometric identification and quantification using electrospray ionisation on a quadrupole ion trap mass analyser (ESI-MS-MS). Aqueous methanol was used in the initial extraction and solvent partitioning and solid phase extraction in the purification of samples. The HPLC separation was run on-line with the ESI-MS-MS detection. The limit of quantification of the procedure was 200 ng for all compounds. Recoveries of the sample pre-treatment varied from 28 to 99%. The average compound- and concentration-dependent accuracy and precision (RSD) were 21 and 113%, respectively. The method includes small sample volumes (∼1 g in 20 ml) and few, non-labour intensive, sample treatment steps. It should allow for a high throughput of samples with good prospects of automation.