A novel voltammetric sensor employing zinc oxide nanoparticles and a new ferrocene-derivative modified carbon paste electrode for determination of captopril in drug samples

Abstract

A novel 1,l′-bis(2-phenylethan-1-ol)ferrocene (1,1′-BEOF) is synthesized and used for the modification of a carbon paste electrode in the presence of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO/NPs) as a sensor in captopril (CAP) drug determination. The new sensor shows excellent electrocatalytic activity for the electro-oxidation of CAP and reduction of charge transfer resistance. The square wave voltammogram (SWV) currents increase linearly with CAP concentration in the oxidation range of 0.09–450.0 μmol L⁻¹ and the detection limit for CAP was 0.05 μmol L⁻¹. The relative standard deviation for five successive assays of 10.0 μmol L⁻¹ CAP was 1.9%. For further investigation, the novel sensor was employed for the determination of CAP in drug and urine samples.