Luminescence and electrochemical properties of rare earth (Gd, Nd) doped V2O5 nanostructures synthesized by a non-aqueous sol–gel route

Abstract

Vanadium pentoxide nanostructures have been obtained from an alkoxide sol–gel, prepared by a simple and inexpensive facile non-aqueous method. The progressive addition of rare earth (RE) ions (Gd³⁺, Nd³⁺) to pristine V₂O₅ and the structural, functional, morphological, optical and electrochemical properties were studied. XPS studies confirmed the presence of RE ions in the orthorhombic phase of pristine V₂O₅, which was supported by XRD. The doping of RE ions significantly altered the morphology of V₂O₅ into various nanostructures by the linkage of small V₂O₅ nanoparticles. A significant red shift from undoped V₂O₅ was observed from UV absorption and PL spectra. From the CV experiment, it was observed that the overall cell potential was increased for the doped samples. The specific capacity of the Gd³⁺ and Nd³⁺ doped V₂O₅ increased upto 10%, which is useful for secondary Li-ion rechargeable batteries.