Development of an electrochemical method for the determination of bicalutamide at the SWCNT/CPE in pharmaceutical preparations and human biological fluids

Abstract

A modified Single Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) Carbon Paste Electrode (CPE) was prepared to investigate the electrochemical behavior of an anticancer drug bicalutamide (BIC) by cyclic voltammetry and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). It was found that the drug selectively adsorbs by a diffusion-controlled process at the modified electrode surface with high efficacy compared to a bare carbon paste electrode and undergoes an irreversible reduction process in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.0. The electrochemical behavior of the drug was further studied in terms of varying scan rates (ν), pH, deposition potential and deposition time, to optimize the experimental conditions and to develop a simple, selective, sensitive, economical and time-saving method for the determination of the drug under consideration. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the reduction peak was found linearly dependent on the concentration of bicalutamide in the range of 1 × 10⁻⁸ to 1 × 10⁻⁶ M. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for the drug were found to be 5.20 × 10⁻⁸ M (±0.005 μM) and 1.74 × 10⁻⁶ M (±0.005 μM), respectively. The optimized method was successfully applied for the determination of bicalutamide in pharmaceutical preparations and human biological samples.