Issue 19, 2018

Hierarchical 1D nanofiber-2D nanosheet-shaped self-standing membranes for high-performance supercapacitors

Abstract

Coaxial electrospinning technology is a simple, effective method to prepare core–shell structured nanofibers with a large specific surface area, good electrical conductivity and excellent flexibility, which are considerably investigated as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Herein, we report a hierarchical structure of NiCo2S4 nanosheets aligned on a double capillary carbon nanofiber (NiCo2S4@DCCNF) to make a self-standing electrode by using the combination of coaxial electrospinning technology and a hydrothermal process. The mass loading of NiCo2S4 on the nanofibers was 34.33 wt%. Taking advantage of the highly conductive, porous structure of the DCCNF and open framework of the three-dimensional nanoarchitecture of NiCo2S4 nanosheets, such a unique 1D nanofiber-2D nanosheet-shaped hierarchical structure is capable of increasing the accessible surface area for active sites, shortening the ion diffusion length and decreasing the ion diffusion resistance. Therefore, the hybrid electrode exhibits high specific capacitance (1275 F g−1/1474 F g−1 at 5 mV s−1/1 A g−1) and excellent rate capability (85%/82% at 50 mV s−1/50 A g−1) in 3 M KOH electrolyte. Moreover, flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors based on NiCo2S4@DCCNF with PVA/KOH gel electrolyte deliver a high capacitance of 166 F g−1 and remarkable electrochemical stability, with a maximum energy density of 55.6 W h kg−1 at a power density of 1061 W kg−1. The scalable coaxially electrospun materials with superior performance may pave the way to wearable electronics.

Graphical abstract: Hierarchical 1D nanofiber-2D nanosheet-shaped self-standing membranes for high-performance supercapacitors

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
03 Mar 2018
Accepted
24 Apr 2018
First published
25 Apr 2018

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018,6, 9161-9171

Hierarchical 1D nanofiber-2D nanosheet-shaped self-standing membranes for high-performance supercapacitors

Y. Xiao, J. Huang, Y. Xu, H. Zhu, K. Yuan and Y. Chen, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6, 9161 DOI: 10.1039/C8TA02019A

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