Issue 9, 2012

Synthesis and recognition properties of higher order tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) calix[n]pyrroles (n = 4–6)

Abstract

Two new benzoTTF-annulated calix[n]pyrroles (n = 5 and 6) were synthesized via a one-step acid catalyzed condensation reaction and fully characterized via single crystallographic analyses. As compared to the known tetra-TTF annulated calix[4]pyrrole, which is also produced under the conditions of the condensation reaction, the expanded calix[n]pyrroles (n = 5 and 6) are characterized by a larger cavity size and a higher number of TTF units (albeit the same empirical formula). Analysis of the binding isotherms obtained from UV-Vis spectroscopic titrations carried out in CHCl3 in the presence of both anionic (Cl, Br, I, CH3COO, H2PO4, and HSO4) and neutral (1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)) substrates revealed that as a general rule the calix[6]pyrrole derivative proved to be the most efficient molecular receptor for anions, while the calix[4]pyrrole congener proves most effective for the recognition of TNB and TNT. These findings are rationalized in terms of the number of electron rich TTF subunits and NH hydrogen bond donor groups within the series, as well as an ability to adopt conformations suitable for substrate recognition, and are supported by solid state structural analyses.

Graphical abstract: Synthesis and recognition properties of higher order tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) calix[n]pyrroles (n = 4–6)

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Edge Article
Submitted
19 May 2012
Accepted
18 Jun 2012
First published
19 Jun 2012

Chem. Sci., 2012,3, 2685-2689

Synthesis and recognition properties of higher order tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) calix[n]pyrroles (n = 4–6)

J. S. Park, C. Bejger, K. R. Larsen, K. A. Nielsen, A. Jana, V. M. Lynch, J. O. Jeppesen, D. Kim and J. L. Sessler, Chem. Sci., 2012, 3, 2685 DOI: 10.1039/C2SC20636F

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