Synthesis and properties of 5,5′-dinitramino-3,3′-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole) and its energetic salts†
Abstract
In order to develop high energy density materials, 5,5′-dinitramino-3,3′-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole) (3, DNABO), a new heterocyclic energetic compound, was synthesized by the simple nitration of 5,5′-diamino-3,3′-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole) (2) with 95% fuming nitric acid. By treating compound 3 with two equivalents of energetic bases or their salts, a series of energetic salts 4–10 based on nitrogen-rich cations were readily obtained. Among them, the hydroxylammonium salt (5) shows the best comprehensive properties (5: d = 1.879 g cm−3; Td = 190 °C; P = 36.2 GPa; vD = 8916 m s−1). In addition, the guanidinium salt (7) possesses excellent thermal stability with an onset decomposition temperature of 317 °C.