Electrochemical performance of W-doped anatase TiO2nanoparticles as an electrode material for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

This paper describes a method to prepare tungsten doped anatase TiO₂ (WTO) nanoparticles with high surface area based on a polymer-assisted sol–gel process and using simple chemical reagents. The samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (including high-resolution imaging-HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). WTO nanoparticles are obtained with small particle size (ca. 9 nm in mean grain size) and good crystallinity. The as-prepared samples are used as an electrode material for a lithium-ion battery, whose charge–discharge properties, cyclic voltammetry, and cycle performance are examined and revealed to have very good properties. A highly stable capacity of 170 mA h g⁻¹ is found after 100 cycles.